how can you be sure that the color you see is the same one that I see
you might be seeing blue and I might see it as green but since everyone calls it blue since I was born I call it blue as well
Every color has a different wave length, so it really doesn't matter if you see a color different.
We can tell what color something is by the wavelength it emits.
Isn't colorblindness linked to the Y-chromosome? The best way is to compare your vision to that of a female's.
EDIT: Wait, I think it's X but because females have two X chromosomes, it is much less prevalent.
Also, we can look at retinas to determine what colors are perceived and if, say the issue is caused by the brain, the colorblindness will come with a slew of other optic conditions.
You can test it by individually showing people a colour and asking them to name it. If everyone gives that colour the same name, then it's likely that they all perceive it the same.
I first heard this question in 6th grade, and it was so hard to wrap my head around.
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Well, whatever the majority of society deems those names to be would technically be the "right" ones. Languages create words to communicate ideas or concepts which are then understood and used by everyone else. If everyone agreed to have the word "green" be used to describe what we know as "blue", "green" would become the "right" word.
green, 
blue
