Global is not just about charting/smashing in some biggest markets but charting in more countries
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For a song that didn't hit number one but charted in more countries even small countries is more global than a song that hit number one but only charted in few countries.
Each continent has few prominent markets that are more referenced than the others. When I said all, I meant the ones the OP mentioned in their post as they cover the GLOBE. If for instance someone charts in U.S.A, Ukraine, and Brazil, they are international. There is an article that explains this in detail, if I find it I'll post it.
IS there a rulebook about this? Is this a concrete definition or just something ATRL made up?
I'd say that a global hit should've gone top 10 (airplay or sales or Spotify) in the following markets:
UK
Netherlands
Germany
Poland
Russia
Sweden
Portugal
Italy
Serbia
France
Turkey
Israel
UAE
India
South Africa
Colombia
Costa Rica
Brazil
The US
Singapore
Indonesia
Taiwan
Japan
South Korea
Australia
I skipped some big markets, because their charts are very familiar to the charts of neighbouring countries. And of course, some countries don't have a chart. Luckily, Spotify is quickly rising in popularity and shows how popular a song is in a specific country. This way, we can actually judge how popular a song is in a country.