Most Urban songs in general, similarly to how in Europe, EDM is very widely accessible but here only certain types of EDM ends up performing well - usually whats trendy (i.e. Europe was in on Tropical House in late 2013/early 2014 - the US didn't really catch up for a while.)
Aside of rap, I can't really think of any specific
artists. Obviously all of the artists ATRL have had success overseas at some point, but most have also bombed pretty hard outside of the states, so it's hard to say
Usually songs outside of the Hip Hop/Urban genre end up doing well outside of the US, but the same can't really be said for other countries music.